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SKILLED SUPPORT FOR THE HEALTH AND WELL-BEING OF OLDER ADULTS AND EMPOWERMENT OF FAMILY CAREGIVERS RESEARCH GROUP
Collaborators: Estoninan Chamber of Disabled People, Estonian Association of Gerantology and Geriatrics, Dementia Competence Centre, Social and Health Service Department – Tartu City Government, Tartu Elderly Care Home.
Keywords: healthy ageing, physical and mental well-being, geriatric syndromes (dementia, falls, pressure sores, pain, frailty, etc.), comprehensive geriatric assessment, interventions, palliative care, end-of-life care, ethical challenges, family caregiver empowerment.
Overview of Main Activities: The research group aims to advance the interdisciplinary fields of gerontology and geriatrics while fostering the empowerment of family caregivers. The group focuses on: 1) facilitating healthy ageing and improving the well-being of older adults through evidence-based strategies; 2) innovating geriatric nursing and physiotherapy practices in hospitals, long-care homes, and home-based care settings; 3) mitigating the burden on family caregivers by enhancing their knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy through targeted education and support initiatives.
Research Group Members

MERLE VARIK,
PhD (social sciences), Research Group Leader

EVE-MERIKE SOOVÄLI, MSc (nursing sciences)

IVI VAHER, PhD (sport sciences)

SVETLANA GROMOVA, MSc (health sciences)

HELINA PEDAK, MSc (health sciences)

MARJALIISA RAIV, MSc (nursing science)

JANIKA PAEL, MSc
(health sciences)

ERLE REMMELGAS, MSc (educational sciences)

HAIDE LAURSON, MSc (health sciences)

PIRET SIMM-PÄRLE, MSc (public health)

MAIA-LIISA SUIGUSAAR, MSc (science teacher education)
Ongoing Projects
- Continuing Education Course: “Caring for a Loved One at Home” (40 academic hours), August – November 2024, Tartu Applied Health Sciences University.
- COST Action CA21137: Ethics in Dementia (EDEM). Work Group 2: Cross-country Comparative Study of Ethical Dilemmas and Concerns Observed and Experienced by Formal and Informal Stakeholders. Research focus: “Experiences of Family Caregivers and Healthcare and Social Work Professionals in Addressing Ethical Challenges Associated with Dementia Patients in Estonia” (Ethics Committee Approval 387/T-4, February 19, 2024). Comparative study conducted across eight countries: Albania, Estonia, Ireland, Israel, Moldova, Portugal, Turkey, and Hungary.
Ongoing Applied Research
- The Satisfaction of Elderly Care Home Residents (2025- 2030)
- Principal Investigator: Merle Varik
- Team Members: Eve-Merike Sooväli, Marjaliisa Raiv, Maia-Liisa Suigusaar
- Collaborating Partner: Tartu Elderly Care Home
- Empowering Family Caregivers Providing Care to Adult Relatives through Training (2022–2025).
- Principal Investigator: Merle Varik
- Team Members: Eve-Merike Sooväli, Janika Pael, Kristiina-Maria Lorenz, Triin Nõmmistu, Ivi Vaher, Anne Vahtramäe, Katrin Tint, Triinu Kurvits (Tartu University Hospital), Maarika Kurrikoff (Tartu City Government), Maire Aruots, Svetlana Gromova
- Collaborating Partners: Social and Healthcare Service Department, Tartu City Government; Estonian Chamber of Disabled People
Recognitions
- Certificate of Appreciation from the Estonian Chamber of Disabled People’s Omastehooldusest.ee team: “Thank you for giving family caregivers in Estonia a name, a face, and a voice,” October 2024.
- Societal Contribution of the Year 2024 – Training for family members caring for a loved one. Tartu Health Care College, November 2024.
- Scholarship of the 2025 “Best Thesis at a University of Applied Sciences” competition by the Council of Rectors of Universities of Applied Sciences. Laureate: Marja-Liisa Suigusaar, thesis: „Healthcare and Social Workers’ Experiences with Ethical Challenges in Dementia Care – A Qualitative Study“. Supervisor Varik, M.
Completed Research Projects
- Varik, M., Kookla, M. (2023). Assessment of the Effectiveness of a Dementia Training Program for In-house Trainers in Care Institutions (2018–2023). Estonian Health Development Institute. Link
- Needs for Enhancing the Knowledge and Skills of Family Caregivers Providing Long-term Care to Adult Relatives at Home: A Case Study of Tartu City (Ethics Committee Approval 364/T-2, May 16, 2022).
- Nurses’ and Caregivers’ Experiences in Providing Care and Nursing Assistance to Dementia Patients – A Qualitative Study (Ethics Committee Approval 366/T-2, August 15, 2022).
- Niilo, L., Varik, M., Tuur, M. (2019). Innovative Housing Concept for People with Dementia. Commissioned by the Ministry of Social Affairs. Link
- Heinmets, HS., Rull, M., Varik, M., Tuur, M., Niilo, L., Bachmann, T., Sild, M. (2018). Expert Analysis on Adapting Physical Environments for People with Dementia in Care Institutions. Commissioned by the Ministry of Social Affairs. Link
Publications
- Varik, M., Sooväli, E-M., Pael, J. (2024). Omastehooldajate väljakutsed ja toetamise võimalused täisealise lähedase hooldmisel kodus ning ettepanekud koolitusprogrammi koostamiseks. (Challenges and support opportunities for family caregivers in providing home care for adult relatives, and proposals for developing a training program). Terves Kehas Terve Teadmine, Healthy Body, Healthy Mind Full of Knowledge, 1, 57-67. Link
- Varik, M., Medar, M., Saks, K. (2024). Launching support groups for informal caregivers of people living with dementia within participatory action research. Action Research, 22(3), 205-222.
- Varik, M., Sooväli, E-M., Pael, J. (2024). Empowering informal caregivers through improved knowledge and skills in providing care at home. IATED Digital Library, 2493-2496.
- Toomsalu, G., Varik, M. (2023). Dementsussõbraliku haigla olemus ja põhiprintsiibid. Urban, R., M. (Toim.). Uurimistööde Kogumik. (13−22).
- Rikas, I., Varik, M. (2022). Raske dementsusega patsiendi valu väljendusviisid ja valu hindamismõõdikud. Urban, R (Toim.). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkooli Uurimistööde Kogumik. (112−119).
- Pugaitsuk, H., Varik, M. (2022). Eakate vastu suunatud füüsiline ja emotsionaalne vägivald: riskitegurid, ilmingud ja tuvastamine. Urban, R (Toim.). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkooli Uurimistööde Kogumik. (104−111).
- Raba, M., Varik, M. (2021). Infotehnoloogilised abivahendid dementsusega inimese toetamiseks kodus. Urban, R (Toim.). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkooli Uurimistööde Kogumik. (84−91).
- Varik, M., Medar, M., Saks, K. (2020). Informal caregivers’ experiences of caring for persons with dementia in Estonia: A narrative study. Health & Social Care in the Community, 28(2), 448-455.
- Varik, M., Saks, K., Medar, M., Merila, K. (2020). Support groups for informal caregivers of people with dementia as opportunities for empowerment in Estonia. European Journal of Social Work, (25 (1), 91-104.
- Vaher, I., Hernits, K. (2019). Body composition and physical ability of trained and non-trained elderly women. Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis, 25, 51−57. doi: 10.12697/akut.2019.25.04.
- Laja, R., Varik, M. (2019). Alzheimeri tõvega lähedase hooldamise mõju omastehooldaja heaolule. Uurimistööde artiklid ja konverentside teesid. (103−111).
- Kaldarova, E., Kaeramaa, K., Varik, M. (2019). Eakate sarkopeenia ja geriaatriline õendusabi. Uurimistööde artiklid ja konverentside teesid. (82−92).
- Ontin, O., Varik, M. (2019). Vanaea hapruse sündroom ja geriaatriline õendusabi. Uurimistööde artiklid ja konverentside teesid. (124−135).
- Varik, M., Saks, K., Medar, M. (2018). Dementsusega inimeste ja omastehooldajate vajadused. Sotsiaaltöö, 1, 30−39.
Conferences and Science Popularization
- Lauridsen, S., Schou-Juul, F., Barış Eren, N., Güney, S., Kelly, D.M., Paladi, A., Rodrigues Morai, A.I., Toci, I., Varik, M., Sperling, D. (2025). A Cross-Country Comparative Study of Ethical Challenges in Dementia Care: Health and social care professionals’ Insights from seven countries. The 35th Alzheimer Europe Conference “Connecting science and communities: The future of dementia care”, 6 – 8 October 2025 in Bologna (Italy).
- Morais, A., Sperling, D., Lauridsen, S., Baris, Eren, N., Cruz, D., Csonka, V., Gaxhja, E., Guney, S., Kelly, D., Serra, I., Varik, M., Yakov, G., Zajdó, K., Schou-Juul, F. (2025). Ethical Dilemmas and Decision-Making Among Family Caregivers of People with Dementia: A Cross-Country Qualitative Study. The 35th Alzheimer Europe Conference “Connecting science and communities: The future of dementia care”, 6 – 8 October 2025 in Bologna (Italy).
- Varik, M., Põder. K., Rebane, B. (2025). Doll therapy as a non-pharmacological method to support the well-being of people with dementia: narrative literature review. The 35th Alzheimer Europe Conference “Connecting science and communities: The future of dementia care”, 6 – 8 October 2025 in Bologna (Italy).
- Suigusaar, ML., Varik, M. (2025). Healthcare and Social Workers’ Experiences with Ethical Challenges in Dementia Care – A Qualitative Study. The 25th International Nursing Ethics Conference, 28-29 August, in the University of Turku (Finland).
- Sooväli, EM., Varik, M., Pael, J. (2025). Family members’ experiences in the caregiving process: their needs and expectations for empowering support from healthcare professionals. The 30th ICN Congress. Nursing Power to Change the World, 9-13 June 2025, Helsinki (Finland).
- Suigusaar ML., Varik, M. (2025). Healthcare and Social Workers’ Experiences with Ethical Challenges in Dementia Care in Estonia. The conference of Health Care Hearts. Tartu Ülikooli Kliinikum and Tartu Tevishoiu Kõrgkool, 9.05.2025, Tartu (Estonia).
- Ude, P., Pael, J., Heinmets, H.S., Varik. M. (2025). Recommendations for Maintaining Mental Health in Older Age. Dementia Competence Center, Tartu Applied Health Sciences University. Link
- Varik, M., Sooväli, E-M., Pael, J. (2024). Empowering informal caregivers through improved knowledge and skills of providing care at home. INTED2024 Proceeding: 18th International Technology, Education and Development Conference, 4-6 March 2014, Valencia.
- Varik, M. (2024). Spiritual journey in the ageing and journey with dementia: a case study. In: ADI (Ed.). Dementia: Insight. Innovation. Inspiration. Abstract book. (710−710). 36th Global Conference of Alzheimer’s Disease International, Dementia: Insights. Innovations. Inspirations. 24.-26.April 2024, Krakow, Poola. Online
- Varik, M., Sooväli, E-M. (2023). The needs of informal caregivers for improving the knowledge and skills to provide care at home, and the pilot training program. In: Conference manual. (22). Gerontological Nursing Academic Conference, Dongguan, China, 20.-21.09.2023. Dongguan Medical University.
- Varik, M., Toomsalu, G. (2023). Principles of dementia-friendly hospitals: an integrative review. In: The 33rd Alzheimer Europe conference “New opportunities in dementia care, policy and research”, Helsinki, Finland,16-18.10.2023.
- Jõgi, A. (2022). Tervishoiukõrgkooli lektorid asuvad koolitama omastegooldajaid. Tartu Postimees:Tark Tartu, 16.09.2022
- Varik, M., Sooväli, E-M., Pael, J. (2022). Omastehooldajaid oodatakse osalema uuringus. Tervist!, 34, 19.
- Varik, M. (2022). Kuidas toetada dementsusega inimesi ja nende lähedasi. Eesti Õde, 3, 9−11.
- Varik, M., Kello, L. (2021). Insuldijärgne afaasia ja düsfaagia. Meditsiiniuudised.
- Varik, M. (2020). Awareness of dementia from the perspective of informal caregivers. 34th Virtual International Conference of Alzheimer’s Disease International. Hope in the age of dementia. New science. New knowledge. New solution. Abstract Book: 34th Virtual International Conference of Alzheimer’s Disease International.10.-12.12.2020. Singapur. Alzheimer’s Disease International , 512−512.
- Varik, M. (2018). The informal caregivers of persons with dementia experiences and needs in the caring process. Programm Book: The 24th Nordic Congress of Gerontology, Oslo, 2-4.May 2018. Oslo: Nordic Gerontological Federation
Student Thesis Related to the Research Group
- Pullerits, M. (2025). Jõutreeningu mõju vanemaealiste kognitiivsele võimekusele. (The impact of resistance training on the cognitive ability of the elderly). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc (Supervisors Vaher. I., Varik, M)
- Salum, H., Kuusk, U. (2025). Statsionaarsel ravil viibiva voodikeskse patsiendi üldpesu ja suuhooldus (General Body Washing and Oral Care for a Bed-bound Patient Receiving Inpatient Treatment). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc (Supervisor Sooväli, EM)
- Rebane, B., Põder, K. (2025). Nukuteraapia kui mittefarmakoloogiline meetod dementsusega inimeste heaolu toetamiseks. (Doll therapy as a non-pharmacological method to support the well-being of people with dementia), Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc (Supervisor Varik, M).
- Suigusaar, M-L. (2025). Tervishoiu-ja sotsiaaltöötajate kogemused eetiliste väljakutsetega seoses dementsusega inimestega – kvalitatiivne uurimus. (Healthcare and Social Workers’ Experiences with Ethical Challenges in Dementia Care – A Qualitative Study), Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M).
- Behrsin, L.M. (2025). Eakate kognitiivse võimekuse ealised muutused ja soovitused mälutreeninguteks. (Age-related changes in cognitive ability in the elderly and recommendations for memory training”. Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc (Supervisor Varik, M).
- Mari-Õis Madisson, M.-Õ., Parm, G. (2025). Lewy kehakeste dementsuse olemus ning patsiendi ja lähedaste toetamise võimalused. (The nature of Lewy body dementia and the possibilities of supporting the patient and loved ones). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc (Supervisor Varik, M).
- Kalda, E. (2025). Teraapiad ja nende mõju hooldekodus elava eaka üksilduse leevendamiseks. (Therapies and their effects for alleviating the loneliness of an elderly person living in a nursing home). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M).
- Naarits, K., Kõiv, G. (2025). Mälukohvikud dementsussündroomiga inimestele ja nende lähedastele. (Nature and Benefits of Memory Cafés for People with Dementia and Their Caregivers). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc (Supervisor Varik, M).
- Gorjatševa, M. (2024). Eakate kukkumist suurendavad riskitegurid ja meetmed kukkumiste ennetamiseks. (Risk Factors Increasing Falls Among the Elderly and Measures for Fall Prevention). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Sooväli, E-M)
- Jusar, M., Streimann, K. (2024). Vaba juurdepääsuga e-kursuste koostamise põhimõtted täisealise lähedase omastehooldajatele. (Principles for Developing Open-Access E-Courses for Adult Informal Caregivers of Close Relatives). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Pool, J. (2024). Voodikeskse patsiendi koduses hoolduses sagedamini esinevad hooldusprobleemid ja omastehooldajate tegevused nendega toimetulekuks ning ennetuseks. (Common Care Problems in Bed-Bound Patients Receiving Home Care and Coping Strategies Used by Informal Caregivers). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Sooväli, E-M)
- Simm, D. (2024). Eakate dehüdratsiooni riskitegurid, võimalikud sümptomid dehüdratsiooni tuvastamiseks ja õendussekkumised ennetustegevuste rakendamiseks. (Risk Factors and Possible Symptoms of Dehydration in the Elderly and Nursing Interventions for Prevention). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Sooväli, E-M)
- Soots, J. (2024). II tüüpi diabeedihaige patsiendi hilistüsistustega kaasnevad terviseprobleemid ja nendega toimetulek omastehooldaja vaatekohast. (Health Problems Associated with Complications of Type 2 Diabetes and Informal Caregiver Perspectives on Coping). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Sooväli, E-M)
- Kostabi, L. (2023). Õdede ja hooldajate kogemused dementsusega patsientidele hoolduse ja õendusabi osutamisel – kvalitatiivne uurimus. (Nurses’ and Caregivers’ Experiences in Providing Care and Nursing Services to Patients with Dementia: A Qualitative Study). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (SupervisorVarik, M)
- Kutsar, S. (2023). Tervishoiu- ja hoolekandetöötajatele suunatud dementsusteemalised sekkumised ja koolitused. (Interventions and Training for Healthcare and Social Care Workers in care of people with dementia). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Toomsalu, G. (2023). Dementsussõbraliku haigla olemus ja põhiprintsiibid. (Principles of dementia-friendly hospitals). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Karu, K., Täär, A. (2023). Patsiendi elulõpuraviga seonduvad õdede hingelised vajadused ning hingehoidja võimalused õdede toetamisel. (Spiritual Needs of Nurses Related to End-of-Life Care and the Role of Chaplains in Supporting Nurses). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Vähi, H., Variksaar, M. (2023). Eakate alatoitumus, sellega kaasnevad sagedasemad terviseprobleemid ja õendustegevus toimetulekuks. (Malnutrition Among the Elderly, Related Health Problems, and Nursing Activities for Management). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc (Supervisor Sooväli, E-M)
- Suvi, K., Kurusk, A. (2023). Eakatel sagedamini esinevad jalgade tervise probleemid ja õendustegevused probleemide lahendamisel ning soovitused jalanõude valimiseks. (Common Foot Health Problems in the Elderly and Nursing Interventions, Including Recommendations). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Sooväli, E-M)
- Drenkhan, M. (2023). Dementsusega inimese agiteerituse vähendamiseks kasutatavad muusikateraapia tehnikad ja muusikateraapia mõju dementsusega inimese agiteeritusele. (Music Therapy Techniques for Reducing Agitation in People with Dementia and Their Effects). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Pael, J)
- Plakso, L. (2023). Dementsusega patsiendi deliiriumi teket soodustavad tegurid aktiivravi osakonnas ja mittefarmakoloogilised sekkumised dementsusega patsiendi deliiriumi ennetuses ja ravis. (Factors Promoting Delirium in Patients with Dementia in Acute Care Units and Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Prevention and Management). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Pael, J)
- Pugaitšuk, H. (2022). Eakate vastu suunatud füüsiline ja emotsionaalne vägivald: riskitegurid, ilmingud ja tuvastamine. (Physical and Emotional Abuse of the Elderly: Risk Factors, Manifestations, and Detection). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Popova, V. (2022). Alzheimeri tõvega seonduvad unehäired ja une parandamise võimalused kodus. (Sleep Disorders Related to Alzheimer’s Disease and Home-Based Strategies for Improving Sleep). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Kurg, L. (2021) Kodus üksi elavate eakate vajadused tervisedenduslike sekkumiste järele kolme Tartumaa valla näitel. (Health Promotion Needs of Elderly People Living Alone: Three Municipalities in Tartu County). Tartu Ülikool: MSc. (Supervisors Treiman-Kiveste, A.,Varik, M)
- Kiisk, G-L. (2021). Dementsussõbralik haiglakeskkond. (Dementia-Friendly Hospital) Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Raba, M. (2021) Infotehnoloogia võimalused kodus elava dementsusega inimese toetamiseks. (Opportunities of Information Technology in Supporting People with Dementia Living at Home). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Pärn, K., Kukk. E. (2021). Palliatiivravil olevate täiskasvanud patsientide hooldaja rollis olevate lähedaste elukvaliteedi muutused ja nende toetamine. (Changes in the Quality of Life of Informal Caregivers of Adult Patients Receiving Palliative Care and Their Support Needs). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Remmelgas, E)
- Jelagina, I., Koivistoinen, J., Solodova, J. (2020). Eakate (Täiskasvanute patsientide vanuses 65+) kukkumiste ennetamise programmi STEADI (Stopping Elderly Accidents, Death, Injuries) rakendamine. (Implementation of the STEADI (Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries) Fall Prevention Program for Older Adults (Aged 65+). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: MSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Lepp, E., Pärn, S. (2020). Eakate üksilduse ja sotsiaalse isolatsiooni leevendamine info- ja kommunikatsioonitehnoloogiate abil ja nende rakendamise probleemid. (Alleviating Loneliness and Social Isolation Among the Elderly Through Information and Communication Technologies: Opportunities and Challenges). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Vool, M., Mölder, K., Jaakson, M. (2020). Inter-RAI kontakthindamise rakendamine SA TÜK sisekliiniku sisehaiguste reumatoloogia-endokrinoloogia osakonnas sisehaiguste erialal. (Implementation of Inter-RAI Contact Assessment in the Rheumatology-Endocrinology Department of the Internal Medicine Clinic at Tartu University Hospital). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: MSc (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Latõvskaja, J. (2020). Patsiendikesksus dementsusega inimeste õendusabis. (Person-Centered Nursing Care for People with Dementia). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Kello, L. (2020). Insuldijärgse afaasia ja düsfaagia mõju patsiendi elukvaliteedile ja taastusravi võimalused. (The Impact of Post-Stroke Aphasia and Dysphagia on Patient Quality of Life and Rehabilitation Opportunities). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Lekk, E. (2020). Kodus elava dementsusega inimese söömise-joomise elamistoiminguga seonduvad aspektid. (Aspects of Eating and Drinking as Lived Experiences in People with Dementia Living at Home). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Korn, E., Kuznetsova, V. (2020). Muusika kasutamine dementsusega patsientide hooldamisel. (Use of Music in the Care of Patients with Dementia). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Ontin, O. (2019). Vanaea hapruse sündroom ja geriaatriline õendusabi. (Frailty Syndrome in Old Age and Geriatric Nursing). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Kaldarova, E., Kaeramaa, K. (2019). Eakate sarkopeenia ja geriaatriline õendusabi. (Sarcopenia in the Elderly and Geriatric Nursing). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Laja, R. (2019). Alzheimeri tõvega lähedase hooldamise mõju omastehooldaja heaolule. (Impact of Caring for a Relative with Alzheimer’s Disease on the Well-Being of Informal Caregivers). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Tilga, K. (2019). Dementsusega kaasnev agitatsioon ning mittefarmakoloogilised võtted agitatsiooni vähendamiseks. (Agitation in Dementia and Non-Pharmacological Methods for Its Reduction). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Merila, K. (2019). Dementsusega seotud kogemused dementsusega inimeste, nende lähedaste ja spetsialistide vaatenurgast. (Experiences Related to Dementia from the Perspectives of People with Dementia, Their Relatives, and Professionals). Tallinna Ülikool: MSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Käsper, K. (2019) Kognitsiooni stimuleerivad tegevused kodus elavale kerge ja mõõduka dementsusega inimesele ning mõju tema iseseisvule ja sotsiaalsusele. (Cognitive Stimulation Activities for People with Mild to Moderate Dementia Living at Home and Their Impact on Independence and Social Engagement). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Varik, M)
- Zaitseva, I. (2019). Suitsiidi riskifaktorid vanemaealiste seas ja vanemaealiste suitsiidide ennetamisele suunatud õendusabi. (Risk Factors for Suicide Among the Elderly and Nursing Interventions Aimed at Suicide Prevention). Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool: BSc. (Supervisor Pael, J).